[비즈엔터 홍지훈 기자]
▲’With a teacher’ Dr. Kim Seo-hyung (photo provided by KBS)
Dr. Kim Seo-hyung appears in’Issue Pick with Teacher’.
In KBS1’s’Issue Pick With Teacher’, which airs on the 28th, Dr. Seohyung Kim, a researcher on disease history, will appear. He pointed out how we have dealt with the epidemic crisis in our history and how the epidemic trend has changed since the birth of the vaccine.
◆ The beginning of the pandemic-smallpox, measles
Pendemic means’a state in which the epidemic is not limited to one region or country, but is prevalent globally.’ Since the establishment of WHO in 1948, the pandemic has been proclaimed three times in human history. These include the 1968 influenza (Hong Kong flu), the 2009 swine flu, and the 2020 corona 19.
Experts call it’Natural Bean’ as the first pandemic in human history. Smallpox had a high mortality rate, killing about 50 million people 10% of the Roman Empire’s population at the time. There is no cause or cure. People at the time thought that smallpox was a punishment for humans by God. Various methods, such as gut and superstition, were mobilized, but there was no effect.
In May 1976, British doctor Jenner heard rumors that people with cowpox (acute infectious diseases related to cattle) do not get smallpox. An 8-year-old boy was rubbed with vaccinia pus into the wound and injected with smallpox bacteria. It was the moment when mankind’s first vaccine was born.
The disease with the most records in the Annals of the Joseon Dynasty is’measles’. At that time, the officials of Silhak scholars supported the power of disease research, but it was not enough, and the measles vaccine appeared in 1963.
◆ The birth of the second generation vaccine-Rabies vaccine
In the past, infectious diseases originated in animals familiar with humans. It was 30,000 years ago that humans and dogs began to live together. ‘Rabies’ is a disease that appeared with dogs as they entered the realm of humans.
It is a very scary disease with a mortality rate of 100% along with symptoms of aggression, confusion, seizures, and rabies.
Pasteur, a biochemist familiar to us, has developed a rabies vaccine. The cause of the disease was clearly identified and a rational treatment was suggested through full-scale vaccine development. By drying the spinal cord of the brain of a rabbit with rabies for a long time, a vaccine (attenuated vaccine) with weakened toxicity was injected into the dog to confirm the effect of preventing rabies. It was the birth of a second-generation vaccine following smallpox.
◆ Opening the era of vaccine-polio vaccine
‘Polio’ is a nervous system infectious disease caused by poliovirus. In 1940, polio spread rapidly throughout the United States. At the time, people said that polio, which engulfed the entire city in great chaos, was a fear comparable to an atomic bomb.
Research on polio vaccine began to be active in 1948. Under the direction of Dr. Jonus Sork, a large-scale clinical trial was conducted in American history. The experiment involving 20,000 doctors and public health officials, 64,000 school officials, and 1.8 million children was successful. As a result, the number of polio cases decreased significantly, to 160 cases in 1961.
In particular, Dr. Sonner did not exercise his patent rights for the public interest. The famous words he left are still being talked about. “Are you going to patent the sun?”
◆ Nobel Prize-BCG Tuberculosis Vaccine
Since 1962, there is a vaccine that requires vaccination for all newborns within 4 weeks of age. It is the’BCG’ vaccine that is not injected.
The BCG vaccine is associated with the epidemic that caused the most deaths in human history. It is’tuberculosis’. Tuberculosis is mainly infected in the lungs by tuberculosis bacteria, and since industrialization in the mid-18th century
It has spread all over the world.
German bacteriologist Robert Koch opened the door to research on tuberculosis vaccines by discovering tuberculosis bacteria using a microscope that his wife gave as a birthday gift. He was the founder of bacteriology, proving that disease is caused by bacteria.
Based on this research, Koch won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, and the tuberculin reaction test he invented has been widely used up to now as a method to check for tuberculosis.
◆ Why reject the vaccine-MMR vaccine controversy and child-raising campaign without drugs
It takes a lot of time, effort, and personnel before a vaccine can be made.
However, there are scientists who have developed more than 40 vaccines in human history. The main character is Dr. Morris Hillman of the United States. Hepatitis A, hepatitis B, chickenpox, pneumonia, etc.. It has developed the most vaccines in human history.
Maurice Hillman, who intuitively realizes the pain in her daughter’s neck and takes samples to develop the first mumps prevention vaccine. This vaccine is known as a vaccine that prevents not only mumps, but also measles and rubella, which are popular worldwide.
It is the first vaccine incorporating a live virus strain, and was named’MMR vaccine’ after the first letter.
However, in 1998, an unexpected controversy arose over the MMR vaccine. It is because of the eyes of British doctor Andrew Wakefield. In his paper, he argued, “five out of eight autistic patients were children who received the MMR vaccine within a week of age.”
Confused parents have joined the campaign against the vaccine, and as a result, the number of people infected with measles in the U.S. reached the highest in 2019. Is this thesis really true?
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