The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) will land a rover called’Purservation’ on the 18th of this month. Provided by NASA
Mars probes launched by the United Arab Emirates (UAE), China and the US will arrive on Mars one after another this month. It has been about 7 months since the UAE started in July of last year and then started to Mars. First of all, the Mars probe’Amal’ (meaning hope in Arabic) from the UAE, a powerful country in the Middle East, knocks on the door of Mars at around 1 am (Korean time) on the 10th.
On the 11th, a day later, the Chinese Mars probe, Tianyuan 1, arrives in orbit on Mars following Amal. The NASA’s probe,’Perseverance’, is scheduled to go directly to the surface of Mars and settle in the crater of’Jezero’ around the 18th.
○ UAE, Mars 1 year atmospheric exploration
If the UAE successfully enters orbit, it will become the fifth country in the world to orbit Mars after the United States, Russia, Europe and India. It also sets a record as the first country to skip the moon and send a rover to Mars further away. In a short period of less than 20 years, the UAE has developed its own satellite with the help of South Korea and the United States, and has also been receiving international attention by launching a Mars probe.
In a video interview on the 28th of last month, Omran Sharaf, head of the Emirates Mars Exploration Project (EMM), said, “If you enter 2400km orbit above Mars, your primary success is.” Said.
Currently, Amal is flying towards Mars at an average speed of 121,000 km/h. Upon entering Mars’ gravitational sphere, it sharply reduces its speed to 18,000 km/h and prepares for orbit. It takes about 27 minutes to enter. “It only takes 13 minutes to get Amal’s signal from the Earth,” said Sharaf. “Amal tries to orbit himself according to a pre-designed program.”
The Amal is the size of a sports utility vehicle (SUV) and weighs 1350kg. It orbits Mars once every 55 hours, observing Mars’ atmosphere, and sending data to Earth twice a week. It stays above Mars for one year in Mars time (687 days based on Earth) and meticulously investigates the climate of Mars from daily weather changes to seasonal changes throughout the year. “We plan to share Amal’s observation data with all scientists around the world, including Korea,” said Sharaf.
After arriving in Mars orbit, China sends its lander down to the surface of Mars in May to begin exploration. CNSA provided
○ China to the surface of Mars in May
China’s Tianyuan 1, which is scheduled to arrive on Mars one day later than the UAE, is little known except at the time of arrival. On July 23, last year, the Chinese National Space Agency (CNSA) launched Tianyuan 1 to commemorate the national holiday on October 1 of last year after being carried on China’s largest transport rocket, Changjeong 5, at the Wenchang space launch site in Hainan All that was released was the release of two’selfies’ sent by Ho.
The Tianyuan 1 is loaded with an orbiter, a rover to explore the surface of Mars, a rover, and a lander to land on Mars. After entering Mars orbit, it attempts to land in May without sending the lander and rover directly down to the surface of the screen. If this process is successfully completed, China will become the third country in the world to hit the surface of Mars after the United States and the former Soviet Union.
China launched its first Mars exploration on a Russian rocket in 2011, launching the Mars probe’Ying-Hoon 1′, but it had to postpone exploration due to a failed rocket launch. If Tianyuan 1 succeeds, it is recorded as the first Mars exploration in the history of Chinese space development. Tianyuan 1 lands a rover on the Utopia Plain and investigates Mars’ geological structure, soil characteristics, and water and ice distribution.
○ US lands on Mars right around the 18th
NASA’s’Pursurance’ sits directly on the surface of Mars and is the first in the history of human exploration to dig dirt from the surface of Mars and bring it to Earth. The 1.8kg small robotic helicopter’Injenewity’ is launched 3-10m above the surface of Mars, making it the first in human history to attempt a drone flight on Mars.
So far, mankind has made 12 attempts to land on Mars and has succeeded 8 times. This was all done by NASA. NASA is also working with the European Space Agency (ESA) to send a probe in 2026 to return to Earth in 2031 with the soil collected by Perservance.